Renal & UrologyPending review

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Age- and androgen-driven hyperplasia of the prostate's periurethral transitional zone that mechanically narrows the urethra, producing a predictable split between voiding and storage symptoms as the bladder first compensates and then fails.

First principles

BPH arises in the zone that surrounds the urethra, which is why it obstructs flow

The prostate has distinct anatomical zones, and benign prostatic hyperplasia arises specifically in the transitional zone, which encircles the urethra as it passes through the gland, in contrast to prostate cancer, which arises predominantly in the peripheral zone. Because the hyperplastic tissue grows around the urethra rather than away from it, even a modest increase in prostate volume can mechanically narrow the urethral lumen, and the symptoms that follow are a direct consequence of that anatomical location rather than of gland size alone.

You’ve reached the end of the preview

The rest of the extended textbook — mechanism, differentials, complications and prognosis — is part of full access. Sign in to see your options.

Educational content pending clinical review. Not medical advice.