CardiovascularPending review

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Stasis, vessel wall injury and hypercoagulability tip the normal balance of coagulation towards clot formation in a deep vein, obstructing venous return and provoking local inflammation, and the real danger is that a fragment of that clot breaks off and embolises to the lungs.

In a nutshell

Stasis, vessel injury and hypercoagulability (Virchow's triad) tip coagulation towards clot formation in a deep vein, causing focal, unilateral swelling and inflammation. Anticoagulation does not dissolve the clot but prevents propagation and embolisation while the body's own fibrinolysis resolves it over weeks.

Classic presentation

A patient with a recent risk factor such as immobility or surgery develops unilateral calf swelling, warmth and tenderness.

Key points

Virchow's triad (stasis, endothelial injury, hypercoagulability) explains every major risk factor for DVT.

You’ve reached the end of the preview

This topic is part of full high-yield access. Create a free account to read every key point, first-line investigation and exam trap — or browse the free sample topics without one.

Educational content pending clinical review. Not medical advice.